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weight and performance calculations for the Boeing 747-400
Northwest Airlines Boeing 747-451 N671US “City of Detroit” c/n 26477 on a rainy Schiphol airport in spring 2001. The aircraft was delivered March 1999 to NW. © bvdz
Boeing 747-400
role : jumbo jet
importance : ****
first flight : 29 April 1988 operational : PW4056 engines : January 1989 (Northwest
Airlines) GE CF6-80 engines : May 1989
country : United States of America
ICAO aircraft type designator : B744
production : 442 aircraft
general information :
Improved version, with new engines, a two flight crew “glass cockpit” and increased
Range. A tail fuel tank gave additional fuel capacity. The interior was also redesigned.
The last passenger version of the 747-400 was delivered in April 2005 to China
Airlines.
PH-BFA , the first KLM 747-400 was delivered May 1989 to the airline, it was just put into service when it had a collision with a lawnmower at Schiphol airport.
primary users : Northwest Airlines, KLM, Garuda
Accommodation:
flight crew : 2 cabin crew : 16
passengers : seating for 468 in two class : 68 business class and 400 coach class seats
( 34 -in pitch) exit limit : 660 passengers, high density seating for 634 passengers
engine : 4 General Electric CF6-80C2B1F turbofan engines of 263.0 [KN] (59124 [lbf])
dimensions :
wingspan : 64.44 [m] (fully fuelled 64.92m) , length overall: 70.67 [m], length of fuselage : 68.63 [m] height : 19.33 [m]
wing area gross : 525.0 [m^2] fuselage exterior width : 6.5 [m]
weights :
operating empty weight : 178755 [kg] max. structural payload : 67319 [kg]
Zero Fuel weight (ZFW) : 246074 [kg] max. landing weight (MLW) : 285764 [kg]
max. take-off weight : 396894 [kg] weight usable fuel : 169553 [kg] (215991 [litres])
performance :
Max. operating Mach number (Mmo) : 0.92 [Mach] (985 [km/hr]) at 10667 [m]
critical Mach speed : 0.91 [Mach]
max. cruising speed : 939 [km/hr] (Mach 0.88 ) at 10670 [m] (33 [%] power)
economic cruising speed : 900 [km/hr] (Mach 0.85 ) at 10670 [m]
service ceiling : 13715 [m]
range with max fuel and MTOW : 13149 [km] (ATA domestic fuel reserves - 370.0 [km]
alternate)
KLM Boeing 747-406(M) PH-BFC “City of Calgary” c/n 23982.
15 December 1989 this aircraft flew with 214 passengers on board through an ash-cloud from erupting Mt. Redoubt, all 4 engines flamed out, the crew where able to restart the engines after several attempts and landed safely at Anchorage.
description :
cantilever low-wing monoplane with retractable landing gear with nose wheel
engines attached with pylons to the wing, main landing gear attached to the wings, fuel
tanks in the wings and fuselage
Wings : tapered multi-cellular fail safe wing with improved 2324 and 7150 aluminium
alloy stressed skin, with carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer composite material wing
surfaces and Kevlar fairings with triple slotted trailing edge flaps with Kruger flaps
on the LE wing root and variable-camber LE flaps on outer wing ,with spoilers and
with winglets. airfoil : Boeing airfoil with supercritical cross-section
average thickness/chord ratio : 10.7 [%], sweep angle 3/4 chord: 37.5 [°] incidence :
2.00 [°], dihedral : 7.0 [°]
calculation : *1* (dimensions)
wing chord at root : 16.56 [m]
wing chord at tip : 4.06 [m]
taper ratio : 0.245 [ ]
mean wing chord : 8.15 [m]
wing aspect ratio : 7.91 []
Oswald factor (e): 0.687 []
seize (span*length*height) : 88028 [m^3]
calculation : *2* (fuel consumption)
oil consumption : 1.6 [kg/hr]
fuel consumption (econ. cruise speed) : 11287.6 [kg/hr] (14379.2 [litre/hr]) at 32 [%]
power
distance flown for 1 kg fuel : 0.08 [km/kg] at 10670 [m] height, sfc : 33.1 [kg/KN/h]
total fuel capacity : 215991 [litre] (169553 [kg])
calculation : *3* (weight)
weight engine(s) dry : 17600.0 [kg] = 16.73 [kg/KN]
weight 53.8 litre oil tank : 4.57 [kg]
oil tank filled with 6.6 litre oil : 5.9 [kg]
oil in engine 12.9 litre oil : 11.6 [kg]
weight all fuel lines and pumps containing 135 litres fuel : 381.5 [kg]
weight engine cowling : 2735.2 [kg]
JAL 747-446 JA8917 c/n 29899 landing at Schiphol with the thrust reversers deployed, spring 2001 © bvdz
weight thrust reversers : 1578.0 [kg]
total weight propulsion system : 22317 [kg](5.6 [%])
***************************************************************
Accommodation cabin facilities:
typical 2-class cabin layout for 468 passengers : economy : pitch : 86.4 [cm] 34.0 [-in]
( 3+4+3 ) seating in 49.7 rows
with upper deck space for 32 first class sleeper seats or 69 economy class seats
weight passenger seats : 2547.7 [kg]
weight cabin crew seats : 80.0 [kg]
weight flight crew seats : 42.0 [kg]
weight 2 jump seats in the cockpit :14.0 [kg]
high density seating passengers : 634 [pax] at mainly 10 -abreast seating in 65.6 rows,
pitch 72.7 [cm] 28.6 [-in]
pax density, normal seating : 0.75 [m2/pax], high density seating : 0.55 [m2/pax]
passenger cabin luxurious spaced for good service, enough space for galleys and toilets
even at HD seating
weight 13 lavatories : 399.6 [kg]
weight overhead pilot & cabin crew rest : 160 [kg]
weight 12 galleys : 1819.6 [kg]
weight staircase : 120 [kg]
weight overhead stowage for hand luggage (total : 45.9 [m3]) : 156.8 [kg]
weight 7 wardrobe closets : 46.8 [kg]
weight 4 movie screens : 87.7 [kg]
weight 101 windows (41 x 28 cm) made of acrylic glass : 277.1 [kg]
weight 12 (1.93 x 1.07 [m]) Type A main entry doors : 933.5 [kg]
weight 3 (main door size : 1.73 x 2.64 [m]) freight doors (belly) : 680.7 [kg]*
The 747-400 can take two LD1 ULD’s more than the 747-300
total usable belly baggage/cargo hold volume : 192.2 [m3]
underfloor belly hold can accommodate : 32 LD1 containers, netto volume : 156.8 [m3]
and : 23.6 [m3] bulk cargo
cabin volume (usable), excluding flight deck : 886 [m3]
passenger compartment volume : 514 [m3]
JAL 747-400 interior, with LCD screens in the back seats, but still with the main screen. The LCD screens in the back seats became common after 1993.
passenger cabin max width : 6.13 [m] cabin length : 57.00 [m] max cabin height :
2.54 [m]
floor area : 351.6 [m2]
weight cabin facilities : 7365.6 [kg]
safety facilities:
evacuation time with 634 passengers : 51 [sec]
weight 21 hand fire extinguisher : 64 [kg]
weight cockpit voice recorder (CVR) and flight data recorder (FDR): 20.0 [kg]
weight oxygen masks & oxygen generators (deploy cabin alt.>4267m): 304.2 [kg]
weight emergency flare installation : 10 [kg]
weight 12 emergency evacuation slides : 691.4 [kg]
weight safety equipment & facilities : 1090 [kg]
fuselage construction:
fuselage aluminium frame : 38067 [kg]
floor loading (payload/m2): 191 [kg/m2]
weight rear pressure bulkhead : 534.7 [kg]
fuselage covering ( 1162.1 [m2] duraluminium 3.05 [mm]) : 9462.9 [kg]
weight floor beams : 9692.0 [kg]
weight cabin furbishing : 5887.0 [kg]
weight cabin floor : 5278.4 [kg]
weight (sound proof) isolation : 929.1 [kg] TO-noise level : 97.7 [EPNdB]
weight 64979 [litre] main central fuel tanks empty : 1299.6 [kg]
weight empty 1412 [litre] potable water tanks : 125.0 [kg]
weight empty waste tank : 63.8 [kg]
weight fuselage structure : 71339.2 [kg]
Avionics:
weight VHF radio and Selcal : 9.0 [kg]
weight flight and service attendants intercom : 5.0 [kg]
weight monochromatic weather X-band (3.2cm wavelength) radar system : 25.0 [kg]
weight VOR/ILS,RMI,DME,radio altimeter, ASI, time clock : 20.0 [kg]
digital air data computer meeting ARINC 576 requirements : 33 [kg]
weight Cat IIIB auto-landing system : 10.0 [kg]
weight EFIS (4 Rockwell Collins CRT screens ADI/PFD+HSI/ND displays) : 20 [kg]
weight ground proximity warning system (GPWS) : 6 [kg]
weight reserve ADI,ASI, alti-meter, compass, engine temp. and rpm indicators : 15 [kg]
weight avionics : 158.0 [kg]
Systems:
Air-conditioning and pressurization system maintains sea level conditions up to
6975 [m] and gives equivalent of 2200 [m] at 12600 [m]. pressure differential : 0.61
[bar] (kg/cm2) pressurized fuselage volume : 1507 [m3] cabin air refreshment time :
3.4 [min]
weight air-conditioning and pressurization system : 743 [kg]
weight APU / engine starter (also driving 60KV generator for primary electrical power):
172.5 [kg]
weight lighting : 154.4 [kg]
Boeing 747-400 in the Everett production plant, the production had to be reduced at the cost of 10- 20.000 jobs in 1993 due to lack of demand.
weight four independent 207 bar hydraulic systems : 372.1 [kg]
weight four engine-driven 60kVA 400Hz 3-phase AC electricity generators : 117.0 [kg]
weight integrated drive generator (IDG) : 25 [kg]
weight ram air turbine for emergency electric power : 5.0 [kg]
weight one 24V 30Ah nickel-cadmium battery : 42.2 [kg]
weight controls : 28.4 [kg]
weight systems : 1654.5 [kg]
total weight fuselage : 81607 [kg](20.6 [%])
***************************************************************
total weight aluminium ribs (2306 ribs) : 13115 [kg]
weight engine mounts : 526 [kg]
Fuel tanks wing : 94983 litre + 33932 + 10009 = 138924 litre, main tank : 64973 litre, tail tank : 12492 litre > makes total 216389 litre
weight 6 wing fuel tanks empty for total 138924 [litre] fuel : 2084 [kg]
weight 864 [litre] vent surge tanks : 104 [kg]
weight wing covering (painted aluminium 3.40 [mm]) : 9636 [kg]
total weight aluminium spars (multi-cellular wing structure) : 14467 [kg]
weight wings : 37218 [kg]
weight wing/square meter : 70.89 [kg]
weight thermal leading-edge anti-icing : 70.9 [kg]
weight high & low speed ailerons (20.9 [m2]) : 593.3 [kg]
weight fin (77.1 [m2]) : 2739.3 [kg]
weight rudder (21.4 [m2]) : 729.5 [kg]
weight 12486 [litre] tail fuel trim tank empty : 624.3 [kg]
weight tailplane (stabilizer) (136.6 [m2]): 5336.3 [kg]
weight elevators (30.3 [m2]): 581.6 [kg]
weight flight control hydraulic servo actuators: 146.7 [kg]
weight triple slotted trailing edge flaps (78.7 [m2] extended) : 1816.3 [kg]
weight leading edge Kruger flaps and slats (43.9 [m2]) : 921.1 [kg]
weight spoilers made of CFRP (28.2 [m2]) : 433.7 [kg]
weight winglets : 200 [kg]
total weight wing construction : 54124 [kg] (30.3 [%])
*******************************************************************
tire pressure main wheels : 14.06 [Bar] (nitrogen), ply rating : 32 PR
tire speed limit : 389 [km/hr]
total tyre footprint : 1.85 [m2]
ANP26 : 17 May 1995: SCHIPHOL: Air giants on the apron of Schiphol are prepared to return to action immediately after the end of the flying pilots action at approximately 1600 hours. In the meantime, the transport union FNV has expressed its dissatisfaction with the attitude of the airline pilots. ANP-PHOTO Hans Steinmeier.
Algemeen Nederlands Persbureau, Bezoekadres Wibautstraat 129, 9 e etage, Amsterdam
KLM Boeing 747-406(M) PH-BFR “Rio de Janeiro” c/n 27202 and Boeing 747-206BM(SUD) PH-BUL “Charles A. Lindbergh” c/n 21550 at Schiphol.
ANP Schiphol 12.03.1996 Ruud Hoff Subject KLM Asia logo; Caption : A KLM ASIA 747-400 is parked on the apron of Schiphol Airport. KLM flies to Taiwan with this logo. The People's Republic of China does not want national airlines flying to China to fly to Taiwan in the same outfit.
KLM Asia Boeing 747-406(M) PH-BFD “City of Dubai” c/n 24001 at Schiphol
Runway LCN at MTOW (0.76m radius of rigidity) : 63 [ ]
Aircraft Classification Number (ACN), MTOW on flexible runway and medium
subgrade strength (B) : 59 [ ] Can only operate from unpaved runways with reduced
weight and reduced tyre pressure
Dancing on the roof – Three KLM employees were caught by a photographer this week when they performed a dance on the roof of their Boeing 747 in Guatemala. KLM is not happy with this cheerfulness. "It can be deduced from the photo that those involved have taken a serious safety risk," said a spokesman. KLM is considering disciplinary action.
10 September 1997, KLM Boeing 747-406(M) PH-BFI “Jakarta” c/n 25086
wheel pressure : 21829.2 [kg]
wheel track : 11.02 [m] wheelbase : 25.59 [m]
weight 16 Dunlop 49 x 22 main wheels (1250 [mm] by 561 [mm]) : 3239.8 [kg]
weight 2 nose wheels : 202.5 [kg]
weight carbon wheel-brakes : 246.1 [kg]
weight Duplex anti-skid units : 16.2 [kg]
weight oleo-pneumatic shock absorbers : 328.1 [kg]
weight wheel hydraulic operated retraction system : 3259.6 [kg]
weight undercarriage struts with axle 8842.8 [kg]
total weight landing gear : 16135.1 [kg] (4.1 [%]
*******************************************************************
Garuda Boeing 747-4U3 PK-GSG c/n 25704 at Schiphol, end 1997, the aircraft was delivered in January 1994 to Garuda. © bvdz
********************************************************************
calculated empty weight : 174183 [kg](43.9 [%])
Last flights on Kai Tak – Plane spotters have to hurry if they want to "enjoy" the Boeings that fly in as low over urban areas nowhere in the world as in Hong Kong. Kai Tak airport will close its doors on Sunday. In the early morning of Monday 6 July, the first aircraft will land at Chek Lap Kok , the island location of Hong Kong's state-of-the-art new airport. Chinese President Jiang Zemin will officially open Hong Kong International Airport, as Chek Lap Kok has been renamed, on Thursday with the unveiling of a plaque.
weight oil for 16.8 hours flying : 28.4 [kg]
unusable fuel in engine and tanks 397.4 litre fuel : 312.0 [kg]
weight lifejackets : 210.6 [kg]
weight 8 life rafts : 292.5 [kg]
weight catering : 905.6 [kg]
weight water : 1249.8 [kg]
weight crew : 1458 [kg]
weight crew luggage, nav. chards, flight doc., miscell. items : 115 [kg]
operational weight empty : 178755 [kg] (45.0 [%])
Friday 29 December 2000 British Airways Boeing 747-436 G-BNLM c/n 24055, mentally ill man tries to take over the controls from the pilot.
********************************************************************
weight 468 passengers : 36036 [kg]
weight luggage : 7488 [kg]
weight cargo : 23795 [kg] (cargo + luggage/m3 belly : 153 [kg/m3])
zero fuel weight (ZFW): 246074 [kg](62.0 [%])
KLM 747-406(M) PH-BFO “Orlando” c/n 25413 combi aircraft with main deck cargo space in the rear, being loaded with a high-loader, KLM 747-406 PH-BFA “Atlanta” c/n 23999 and JAL 747-446 JA8087 c/n 26346 at Schiphol airport, summer 2001. © bvdz
Northwest Airlines Boeing 747-451 N671US “City of Detroit” c/n 26477, with KLM 747-406 PH-BFB “Bangkok” c/n 24000 in the back ground at Schiphol summer 2001 © bvdz
Northwest Airlines Boeing 747-451 N664US c/n 23819 at Schiphol, June 2001, © bvdz
weight fuel for landing (3.5 hours flying) : 39690 [kg]
max. landing weight (MLW): 285764 [kg](72.0 [%])
max. fuel weight : 348308 [kg] (87.8 [%])
payload with max fuel : 522 passengers + luggage 48586 [kg]
published maximum take-off weight : 396894 [kg] (100.0 [%])
China Airlines 747-409 at Schiphol, 15 May 2005 © bvdz
Volkskrant Saturday 19 August 2006 terror alarm at London Heathrow. A British Airways 747-436 (G-BNLM ?) taxies past belly cars loaded with luggage delayed due to additional security scrutiny.
calculation : * 4 * (engine power)
power loading (Take-off) : 377 [kg/KN]
power loading (Take-off) 1 PUF: 503 [kg/KN]
max. total take-off power : 1052.0 [KN]
calculation : *5* (loads)
manoeuvre load : 0.8 [g] at 9000 [m]
limit load : 2.5 [g] ultimate load : 3.8 [g] load factor : 0.8 [g]
design flight time : 7.20 [hours]
design cycles : 9670 sorties, design hours : 69624 [hours]
max. wing loading (MTOW & flaps retracted) : 756 [kg/m2]
wing stress (2 g) during operation : 180 [N/kg] at 2g emergency manoeuvre
calculation : *6* (angles of attack)
angle of attack zero lift : -1.87 ["]
max. angle of attack (stalling angle, clean) : 11.58 ["]
max. angle of attack (full flaps) : 15.08 ["]
angle of attack at economic cruise speed : 3.88 ["]
Boei
calculation : *7* (lift & drag ratios
lift coefficient at angle of attack 0° : 0.16 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. speed : 0.45 [ ]
lift coefficient at max. angle of attack (clean): 1.15 [ ]
max. lift coefficient full flaps : 2.16 [ ]
drag coefficient at max. speed : 0.0558 [ ]
drag coefficient at econ. cruise speed : 0.0547 [ ]
induced drag coefficient at econ. cruise speed : 0.0142 [ ]
drag coefficient (zero lift) : 0.0406 [ ]
lift/drag ratio at econ. speed : 8.04 [ ]
calculation : *8* (speeds
take-off decision speed (V1) : 267 [km/u] (144 [kt])
take-off rotation speed (VR) : 308 [km/u] (166 [kt])
minimum unstick speed (Vmu) at TO angle (tailangle+incidence) 13.0 ° : 316 [km/u]
(171 [kt])
Garuda Boeing 747-4U3 PK-GSG taking off from Schiphol airport, December 1997 © bvdz
lift-off speed (VLOF) : 348 [km/u] (188 [kt]) at pitch angle : 10.9 [°]
take-off safety speed (V2) : 350 [km/u] (189 [kt])
flap retraction speed (V3) at 500m (OW loaded : 385606 [kg]): 388 [km/u] (209 [kt])
steady initial climb speed (V4) : 376 [km/u] (203 [kt])
climb speed (to FL150 with 66 [%] power) : 513 [km/hr] (277 [kt])
max. endurance speed (Vbe): 678 [km/u] min. fuel/hr : 9885 [kg/hr] at height : 10363 [m]
max. range speed (Vbr): 932 [km/u] (0.90 [mach]) min. fuel consumption : 11.46 [kg/km]
at cruise height : 12192 [m]
max. cruising speed : 939 [km/hr] (507 [kt]) at 10670 [m] (power:34 [%])
max. operational speed (Mmo) : 985 [km/hr] (Mach 0.92 ) at 10667 [m] (power:38 [%])
airflow at cruise speed per engine : 433.0 [kg/s]
speed of thrust jet : 1679 [km/hr]
initial descent speed 10000 - 7315 [m]: Mach 0.72
descent speed 7315 - 3048 [m]: 550 [km/u] (297 [kt])
approach speed 3048 - 500 [m] (clean): 463 [km/u] (250 [kt])
minimum control speed (MCS) Vmca (clean): 353 [km/u] (191 [kt])
stalling speed clean at 500 [m] height at Max.Landing Weight : 285764 [kg]): 321
[km/u] (173 [kt])
KLM PH-BFP 747-406(M) “Paramaribo” c/n 26374 approaching Schiphol, March 1998
final approach speed (landing speed) at sea-level with full flaps VREF (max. landing
weight): 274 [km/u] (148 [kt])
KLM 747-406(M) PH-BFP “Paramaribo” c/n 26374 touching down at Schiphol March 1998, © bvdz
ICAO Aircraft Approach Category (APC) : D
stalling speed at sea-level with full flaps VSO (max. landing weight): 211 [km/u]
(114 [kt]
rate of climb at sea-level ROC (loaded, 66 % power) : 840 [m/min]
rate of climb at sea-level ROC (loaded, 75 % power) : 1088 [m/min]
rate of climb at 1000 [m] with 1 engine out (PUF/MTOW, 100 % power on
remaining engines) : 854 [m/min]
can not stay on height 1000 [m] with 2 engines out, immediate emergency
landing needed
rate of descent from FL240 to FL100 (7315m > 3048m): 914 [m/min] (2999 [ft/min])
rate of descent during approach with landing gear extended, with use of spoilers:
457 [m/min] (8 [m/s])
calculation : *9* (regarding various performances)
high wheel pressure, can only take off from paved runways
ICAO Aerodrome Reference Code : 4E
Brake kinetic energy capacity : 3400 [KW]
FAR take-off runway length at MTOW 396894 kg (875000 lbs) : 10500 ft > 3200m, Jane’s 2000-2001 : 3352m, Wikipedia : 3300m
FAR TO balanced runway length (TOFL) requirement at TOW 396894 [kg] standard
day at SL (distance to 10.7m height x 1.15): 3315 [m]
+++ FAA certification landing distance : +++
landing weight : 285764 [kg], TE flap setting : 30 [°]
runway condition : dry , landing over 50ft (15m) at threshold at sea-level
with use of thrust reversers
FAR landing runway length at MLW 285764 kg (630000 lbs) : 2070m (6790 ft)
FAA approved landing field length : 2072 [m] (6796 [ft])
landing distance (C.A.R.) from 15 [m] at SL, wet runway: 2369 [m] (7771 [ft])
max. lift/drag ratio : 10.26 [ ]
climb to 5000 [m] with max payload : 5.51 [min]
climb to 10000 [m] with max payload : 16.95 [min]
descent time from 10000 [m] to 250 [m] : 24.33 [min]
max. ceiling fully loaded (mtow- 60 min.fuel): 385606 [kg] ) : 14500 [m]
ceiling limited by max. pressure differential 15775 [m]
max. theoretical ceiling (OWE + 60 min.fuel) : 18300 [m] with flying weight :190043
[kg] line 6179
calculation *10* (action radius & endurance)
range with max. payload: 11839 [km] with 67319.0 [kg] max. useful load
(89.0 [%] fuel)*
range with high density pax: 12582 [km] with 634 passengers (93.9 [%] fuel)*
range with typical two-class pax: 13632 [km] with 468 passengers (100.0 [%] fuel)*
Range with max payload (MZFW 246074 kg > 542500 lbs) : 5700 nm > 10556 km
Range with max fuel > 173425 kg fuel (MTOW 397t) : 7100 nm > 13149 km
Ferry range with 2685 kg payload : 8150 nm > 15094 km
range with max.fuel : 13519 [km] with 18 crew and 522 passengers and 100.0 [%]
fuel*
ferry range (calculated): 14679 [km] with 2 crew and zero payload (100.0 [%] fuel)*
with 215991 litres kerosine.
On its delivery flight 16-18 August 1989 Quantas’ first Boeing 747-438 VH-OJA “City of Canberra” was flown non-stop from London (LHR) to Sydney (SYD), the 17039 km distance was flown at an average ground speed of 845.6 km/hr in 20 hours and 9 minutes. This set a new FAI (Federation Aeronautique Internationale) World Record for distance.
To make the record distance possible, Shell Germany had refined 227000 litres of special high-density kerosine and Rolls Royce had installed specially tuned Rolls Royce RB211-524G turbofans. If flew most parts at a cruise altitude of 13746m for economic fuel burn. VH-OJA stayed in service with Quantas till 2015.
max range theoretically with additional fuel tanks total 282281 [litre] fuel : 18430
[km]*
* calculated ranges without fuel reserves
Available Seat Kilometres (ASK) : 7131720 [paskm]
useful load with range 1000km : 67319 [kg]
useful load with range 1000km : 634 passengers
production (theor.max load): 63213 [tonkm/hour]
production (useful load): 63213 [tonkm/hour]
production (passengers): 491502 [paskm/hour]
oil and fuel consumption per tonkm : 0.179 [kg]
calculation *11* (operating cost)
fuel cost per hour (14379 [litre]):8627 [eur] (34 [pax-km/litre fuel])
fuel cost per seat 1000km flight (523 [pax] 2-class seating): 17.55 [eur/1000PK]
oil cost per hour: 7 [eur]
crew cost per hour : 2550 [eur]
list price 2024 : 314 [mln USD]
average flying hours in 1 year : 4335 [hours] technical life : 16 [year]
real average service life : 19 [years]
depreciation - 19 [years] to 10% residual value
economic hours (expected total flying hours): 82365 [hours]
financing interest per flying hour : 1627 [EUR]
write off per flying hour : 3162 [EUR]
time between engine failure : 7361 [hr]
can continue fly on 3 engines, low risk for emergency landing for PUF
workhours per day : 13.11 [hr]
average flight hours till crash : 36.41 [mln hr] (8398 service years)
safe flight hours till fatality : 438618 [hr] (101.2 service years)
reservation pax liability/flying hour : 0.29 [SDR*] (0.37 [eur])
insurance cost per hour : 40 [eur] insurance rate : 0.1 [%]
engine maintenance cost per hour : 2349.0 [eur]
wing maintenance cost per hour : 160.4 [eur]
fuselage maintenance cost per hour : 44.83 [eur]
tire life (time till worn out) : 83 [cycles]
maintenance cost per hour (excluding engines): 5550 [eur]
direct operating cost per hour: 23912 [eur], DOC per km : 26.57 [eur]
DOC per seat 1000km flight (523 [pax] 2-class seating): 48.65 [eur/1000PK]
DOC per seat 1000km flight (high density seating): 40.16 [eur/1000PK]
DOC per kg cargo for a 1000km flight : 0.38 [eur/kg] (= DOC/tonkm)
Garuda Boeing 747-412 ER-BOS c/n 28025 still operating passengers flights in 2024, the aircraft was delivered in October 2001 to Singapore Airlines.
passenger service charge (depart at Schiphol): 11.34 [eur]
security service charge (depart at Schiphol): 10.08 [eur]
airport take-off fee / passenger : 5.05 [eur/pax]
airport landing fee / passenger : 5.05 [eur/pax]
retour ticket price 1000km trip : 176.37 [eur/pax]
price retour ticket Schiphol-Barcelona : 203.13 [eur/pax]
Thursday 4 November 1993 China Airlines Boeing 747-409 B-165 c/n 24313
ISP Flight CI605 from Taipei (TPE) to Hong Kong (HKG) with 22 crew and 274 passengers. Overran in bad weather with gusty wind
at landing at RW13 at HKG Kai-Tak airport. First flight : 1993. Airframe hrs : 1969 cycles : 359 engines : PW4056. No people died in the crash but 10 got injured.
location : +-
accidents with fatalities > see the accident file
Literature :
16–17 August 1989 | This Day in Aviation
Aircraft Performance Database > B744 (eurocontrol.int)
https://www.boeing.com/commercial/airports/plan-manuals
rescue : https://www.boeing.com/commercial/airports/rescue-fire
Air international apr’94 page 201 AERO_Q209_article04.pdf (boeing.com)
Aviation Safety Network > > ASN Aviation Safety Database results (flightsafety.org)
confidence rating regarding source data : medium - all information is only available from news, social media or unofficial sources
DISCLAIMER Above calculations are based on published data, they must be
regarded as indication not as facts.
Calculated performance and weight may not correspond with actual weights
and performances and are assumptions for which no responsibility can be taken.
Calculations are as accurate as possible, they can be fine-tuned when more data
is available, you are welcome to give suggestions and additional information
so we can improve our program. For copyright on drawings/photographs/
content please mail to below mail address
KLM 747-406(M) PH-BFO “Orlando” c/n 25413 en route.
(c) B van der Zalm 07 October 2024 contact : info.aircraftinvestigation@gmail.com ac jetpax 2020.py python 3.7.4
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